Every PCB structure that carries transient voltages and currents radiates some electromagnetic power. Structures on the PCB are traces, planes, the interconnects of device packages, discrete passive components, and connectors. As long as these structures are small compared to the wavelength, they are not efficient antennas, and therefore, the radiation usually remains low [57]. The following design expressions for the estimation of the maximum radiated field from trace loops and from rectangular planes on the PCB enable the efficient identification of critical structures on the PCB.
C. Poschalko: The Simulation of Emission from Printed Circuit Boards under a Metallic Cover