All simulation tools and auxiliary data-manipulation tools and gridders are accessed through a layer of binding functions that encapsulate tool specifica, establishing a set of VLISP functions to allow the invocation of all simulation tools in a uniform manner as simple function calls. All tool parameters as well as output and error redirections are passed as arguments to the binding function, ensuring a maximum of independence of the tool binding layer and the task control layer. All binding functions together are organized as the tool application layer that makes all tools available to the task control layer.
At the other end of the functional hierarchy, task-level tools are interfaced with the task control layer by interface agents that establish communication channels with concurrent executables like optimizers, design-of-experiment (DoE) tools, and response-surface-modeling (RSM) modules. While being run as clients of the task control layer, they also operate as servers for more complex applications, and are linked together by callback connections. Interface agents are fully integrated with the EVE class of objects; see below in Section 3.5 for more details.